Computer will not Recognize Hard Drive

[KingCornWallis]

Okay. This computer has undergone a lot of repairs, and the board has been replaced once already. The computer will not recognize hard drives, to an extent.

When attempting to install windows, the hard drive would not appear under the list of avialable disks, even under Disk Part in the Command Prompt. The Computer DOES however detect the hard drive. I can hear it spinning, and when i unplug it from the SATA port, I get a "No Hard Drive" Message, as opposed to a "No OS on Boot Drive" message. 

Something very weird that happened...on one particular attempt at installing Windows 10 from USB, the drive ACTUALLY APPEARED after waiting about 20 minutes. I proceeded with installation, however once the computer restarted to finish setup, the drive was once again not identifiable. I have tried different Hard Drives, all of which I initialized on another computer beforehand. I have even replaced the SATA cable, but it did not make a difference.

Messing with the BIOS Boot settings has left me without much success, and I don't even know where to locate available drives in this particular BIOS.

As I begun to get desperate, I noticed that the BIOS is incredibly out of date, and/or there may be a driver issue. After many failed attempts to load drivers in Windows Setup or flash the BIOS via USB, I noticed there is an open M.2 PCIe port, upon which I installed a 32GB SSD. I managed to install windows on this SSD and flash the bios to the latest Rev20, and get all the latest Windows 10 updates and drivers. I then inserted the HDD to the SATA cable, and once again I get the "No OS on Boot Drive" message. I have read that the M.2 PCIe port is supposably only allowed to be used for the cache or Storage, and while I think that's a load of crap in terms of design, I noticed that the computer is indeed seeing the HDD and is refusing to let me boot to the SSD because the laptop is not designed to be used in such a manner.

Just to recap on steps taken/imporant details:

1. The board has been replaced due to a common power jack issue
2. The SATA cable has been replaced
3. Several Hard Drives were tested
4. The latest BIOS is installed, and drivers are not an issue
5. The computer detects the HDD, the BIOS may or may not detect the HDD, and Windows Setup does not detect it even in Disk Part
6. The Hard Drive appeared in Windows Setup ONCE after the computer sat on the available disks screen for some time
7. The computer will run fine when the OS is installed on the M.2 SSD, but the HDD can not be plugged into the SATA port.
8. I have done stupid basic things like "Reseating Hardware" and "Power Cycling" and "Plug directly into the wall"

HELP ME. THIS IS A NIGHTMARE.

[mdklassen]

> NIGHTMARE

> I then inserted the HDD to the SATA cable, and once again I get the "No OS on Boot Drive" message.

Enter BIOS SETUP, and check "boot order".

If the SATA disk-drive is connected, and it is listed as the *first* bootable device, and you have not installed Windows onto it, you will get the "no OS" message.

If the SATA disk-drive is connected, and it is listed as the *second* bootable device, and you have installed Windows onto the 32GB device, and the 32GB device is listed as the *first* device, it should boot into Windows.

[KingCornWallis]

I take it you have never used this computer model. The BIOS is extraordinarily unhelpful. And the only options for Boot Order are OS Manager, 2 different USB options, and network boot. These options do not change regardless of availability of devices