Booting to Windows 10 Install or Windows 10 Recovery media gives BSOD (Kmode exception not handled)

[bik3]

Context that led to this problem: I purchased a new SSD for my HP 14-cf0006dx. After cloning my existing SSD (the factory Samsung SATA m.2 SSD) to the new SSD (Crucial 500GB NVMe m.2 SSD), and installing it in the laptop, I've had endless problems: a BSOD loop (Kmode exception not handled) when trying to boot to the new SSD, CMOS Reset (502) The CMOS checksum is invalid error upon startup, and BSOD (Kmode exception not handled) upon re-installing my original drive and trying to boot back to Windows. I am eventually able to boot back to Windows on the original SSD only after hitting recovery mode and restarting. Once I'm successfully back in to Windows, I can reboot without issues, however, the date and time is always reset at that initial boot.

Problem this thread is about: I want to boot to either WIndows Install Media, or Windows Recovery Media on a USB stick, but ever since these problems started,  whenever I try to boot to either, I end up with BSOD (Kmode exception not handled). I then get a BSOD (KMode exception not handled) on the first boot back to my SSD after trying to boot to the Windows install/recovery medias.  I've tried building the install/recovery medias in various ways: For Windows Install Media, I have tried both letting the software build the entire USB stick, and downloading the Windows iso and flashing it to the USB myself via rufus. For Windows Recovery Media, I built that using the Windows 'recovery drive' app. I have tried building them on multiple USB sticks to confirm the issue isn't the USB stick. I should mention, I am able to boot to a Ubuntu live USB successfully, it just seems to be Windows recovery and install media that I can't access (though I should mention, I still get BSOD on the first boot back to my SSD following a boot to Ubuntu live)

I'm wondering if anyone has any ideas. I realize I can initialize a system restore via Windows 10 itself, as I can access the OS right now, but I'm trying to understand what's going on, that's preventing me from booting to it via USB. Thank you.

FYI - After looking at the minidump logs with 'windbg preview', it seems the BSOD (Kmode exception not handled) errors come from a program called smss.exe. I'm not sure if that's relevant.