TPM issues

[AngieR_95]

Every time I run my Notebook a message pop-up, something about the TPM and it request my BitLocker code to start. Don't know anything about computers whatsoever, so I don't know what might be miss functioning or where should I check for the problem.

[Dragora]

Hi AngieR_95

The message you're seeing about the TPM and the request for your BitLocker recovery key means your computer's security features are working, but they've detected a change and are trying to prevent unauthorized access. This isn't usually a sign of a "malfunctioning" component, but rather a security measure being triggered. 

The core issue is that BitLocker, which is likely encrypting your hard drive, has noticed a change in the computer's startup environment, which is often monitored by the Trusted Platform Module (TPM). When BitLocker sees this change, it locks the drive and requires the recovery key as an extra layer of security.

Here's a breakdown of what these terms mean and what you should check.

What are TPM and BitLocker?

• BitLocker: This is a full-disk encryption feature built into many versions of Windows (and sometimes referred to by other names on different operating systems). Its job is to scramble all the data on your computer's hard drive so that if someone steals it, they can't read your files.

• TPM (Trusted Platform Module): This is a small chip on your computer's main circuit board (motherboard). It's a cryptographic processor that securely stores encryption keys, passwords, and digital certificates. BitLocker often uses the TPM to securely store the key it uses to unlock your hard drive when your computer starts.

Why is It Asking for the Code?

BitLocker will "suspend" its automatic unlock feature and ask for the BitLocker recovery key if it detects a potential security risk, such as:

• Changes to the BIOS/UEFI Settings: Even simple changes in the computer's startup settings (like changing the boot order) can trigger this.

• Hardware Changes: Adding, removing, or even moving components like a new RAM stick, a different hard drive, or a different processor.

• Firmware Updates: An update to the computer's BIOS or UEFI (the software that starts your computer before the operating system loads).

• TPM Failure or Reset: Though less common, if the TPM itself is reset or fails, BitLocker will no longer trust the old keys it stored.

• External Device Boot Attempt: Trying to boot from a CD, DVD, or USB drive before the operating system starts.

What You Should Check

The most common culprit is a change in the computer's basic startup settings.

1. Enter the BitLocker Recovery Key

The immediate solution to get your computer running is to enter the BitLocker recovery key when prompted.

• Where to Find It: If you didn't save it, it's often saved to your Microsoft Account online. You would need to use another device (like a phone or tablet) to sign in to your Microsoft Account and look for "BitLocker recovery keys."

2. Check the Computer's Startup Settings (BIOS/UEFI)

This is the most likely place where an unintentional change occurred. If you recently went into this area, or if a software update may have modified it, you should revert any changes.

• How to Access It: You usually press a specific key (like F2, F10, F12, or Delete) immediately after turning on your computer, before Windows starts.

• What to Look For:

  • Secure Boot: Ensure this is Enabled. Disabling it is a very common trigger for the BitLocker prompt.

  • TPM Status: You can often find a setting to check if the TPM is Enabled and Active.

  • Boot Order: Check that your hard drive is set as the first boot device, or at least before any external media (USB, CD/DVD).

  • Reset to Defaults: If you don't know what was changed, you can sometimes find an option to "Load Setup Defaults" or "Restore Factory Settings" within the BIOS/UEFI menu.

 A Note of Caution: Since you mentioned you don't know much about computers, be very careful when making changes in the BIOS/UEFI. If you aren't sure what a setting does, it's best not to change it. Simply checking for Secure Boot and resetting to defaults is usually safe.

3. Temporarily Suspend BitLocker

If you are planning to make a safe, expected change (like a firmware update), you can temporarily Suspend BitLocker in Windows first. This prevents the prompt from appearing after the change.

• You can usually find this option by searching for "Manage BitLocker" in the Windows search bar. Once the change is complete, you can select "Resume Protection."

I hope the above is helpful!